mindmap root((权宜)) resource applies to anything one falls back upon: haven't exhausted all of my ~s yet. (fall back upon依靠依赖，表示开始去使用预留的人或物to begin to use someone or something held in reserve，如we fell back on our savings to get us through the hard times为了度过难关，我们动用了积蓄，如we had to fall back on our emergency generator我们必须依靠(动用)紧急发电机） resort is like resource but is used mostly with 'last' or in the phrase 'to have resort to': favor a sales tax only as a last ~. expedient may apply to any device or contrivance used when the usual one is not at hand or not possible: the flimsiest of ~s ends the tale. shift implies a tentative or temporary imperfect expedient and often connotes dubiousness or trickery: her desperate ~s and dodges fooled no one. (这个解释不太好理解，但动词容易理解，表示转嫁推卸，如shift blame/responsibility推卸转嫁责任/指责) makeshift implies an inferior expedient adopted because of urgent need or countenanced through indifference: the space heater was supposed to be only a ~. stopgap applies to something used temporarily as an emergency measure: the farm aid bill is no more than a ~.